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Dette er en liste over gavnlige Plantenaboskaber i havebrug og gartneri. At plante bestemte afgrøder ind blandt andre, kan fremme væksten ved at tiltrække gavnlige insekter, afvise skadedyr eller give næringsstoffer, skygge eller anden støtte.

Grøntsager

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Grøntsager
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Løg Allium frugttræer, Natskygger (tomater,[1] Capsicum peberfrugt,[2] kartofler,[3] kål,[4] gulerødder[5][6] gulerødder,[6] tomater,[7] gulerødder og afrikanske edderkoppeplanter (Cleome gynandra) sammen,[8] kurvblomster (Tagetes ssp),[9] mynter[9] Thysanoptera[8] -kaniner,[4] snegle (se Hvidløg), -plantelus (Aphidoidea),[5] Chamaepsila rosae,[6] -Trichoplusia ni,[5] -Delia radicum,[5] -Kålorme,[5] -Popillia japonica[5] bønner [10] ærter,[11]
Asparges Asparagus officinalis Tomater,[12] parsley[13][14] Asters (blomster), dild, koriander, tomater,[13][14] parsley,[13][14] basilikum,[14] kulsukker, morgenfruer, brøndkarse[kilde mangler] Sammen med basilikum lader til at fremme mariehøns[kilde mangler] Løg, hvidløg, kartofler, gladiolus[kilde mangler]
Bønner Phaseolus vulgaris Agurk,[14] soyabønner,[kilde mangler] jordbær[15] Selleri,[4][14] jordbær,[10][14] kærner[16] fennikel ,[10] soyabønner,[16] tørrede bønner,[16] lucerne[16] "Salat, kartoffel, tomat, andre grøntsalvier,

korsblomstrede, eller agurker øger knoldbægersvamp" i jorden, og bør undgås både før og efter grønne bønner beans.[16]

Bønner Phaseolus vulgaris Radisser, majs[10] Solsikke,[10] Beder,[10] kål,[12] kålrabi[17] majsstængelen giver en stang, hvor bønnerne kan vokse på, bønnerne giver kvælstof til jorden, som majsen kan bruge. Se Tre Søstre
Hestebønne Vicia faba Jordbær, selleri[18]
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Beder Beta vulgaris Broccoli,[4]bønner,[10][19] kål,[19] salat,[19] kålrabi,[12] løg,[12] kål,[19][17] passionsfrugt[20] bønner,[12][19] løg,[12] kålrabi,[12][21] almindelig katteurt,[kilde mangler] hvidløg,[12] salat,[10] de fleste kål,[10] mint bønner[12] God til at tilføje mineraler til jorden gennem komposteringsblade, der har op til 25% magnesium. Bønner og beder hæmmer hinandens vækst.
Kål Brassica Beder,[10] løg,[12] kartofler,[kilde mangler] korn (f.eks. majs, hvede)[kilde mangler] Beder,[19][17] spinat,[17] [17]Aromatiske planter eller planter med mange blomster, såsom selleri,[17] chamomile,[12][17] og morgenfruer.[9][22] Dill,[4][12] salvie,[4] ærter,[kilde mangler] pebermynte,[4][9] grøn mynte,[kilde mangler] Spergel,[kilde mangler] rosmarin,[4] rajgræs,[kilde mangler] hvidløg,[12] løg[17][23] og kartofler.[4] geranium, løg,[4] nasturtier,[23] hjulkrone, isop,[4] tansy,[kilde mangler] tomater,[kilde mangler] thimian,[4][23] bynke,[4] ambra,[4] bønner,[16] kløver[kilde mangler] smældere Sennep-slægten, natskyggefamilien (tomater,[12][17] peber, etc.), bønner,[12][17] jordbær[12][17] Kål er en plantefamilie som omfatter broccoli, rosenkål, kål, blomkål, kinakål, kålrabi, radise, og majroe. Thimian, nasturtier, og løg udviste god modstand mod kålorm, snudebiller og kållopper.[23]
Broccoli Brassica oleracea salat[24] blanding af sennep, kinakål og raps.[kilde mangler] beder, dild[4] salat,[24] sennep,[kilde mangler] løg,[19] tomat,[25] majroe,[26] kløver[25] Broccoli som en hovedafgrøde, sammen med salat, viste sig at være mere rentabel end hver afgrøde for sig.[24] majroe fungerer som afledning (fælde).[26]
Rosenkål Brassica oleracea salvie,[27] thimian,[27] kløver,[27] malting barley[kilde mangler]
Kinakål Brassica oleracea / Brassica chinensis Bønner,[10] selleri[4] Bønner,[14] kløver,[28][29] morgenfruer,[30] kamille,[19] larkspur,[12] brøndkarse,[19] dill,[19][31] coriander,[32] isop,[12] løg,[12][19] beets,[19] morgenfruer,[kilde mangler] mynte,[12][19] rosemarin,[19] salvie,[12][19] timian,[19] tomater,[kilde mangler] honningurt,[kilde mangler] Grønne løg med kinakål.[kilde mangler] snegle[33] Druer[34] Se kål for yderligere info. Hvis du bruger kløver som mellemafgrøde, skal det såes efter kåludplantningen for ikke at påvirke afgrødeudbyttet. Brøndkarse afviser kålmøl[19]
Gulerod Daucus carota tomater,[35] løg,[6] bønner,[10] porre,[11] salat,[12][36] løg,[6] passionsfrugt[20] salat,[36] løg (chives,[12] porre,[12] løg,[6][12][13] shallots, etc.), rosemarin,[12] bynke,[12] salvie,[12] bønner, hør rovtæger, netvinger, rovhvepse porremøl,[13] løgflue[6][13] Dild, pastinak, radise tomater vokser bedre med gulerødder, men kan hæmme gulerøddernes vækst. Bønner giver kvælstof, og gulerødder har brug for mere end andre grøntsager. Aromatiske ledsagerplanter frastøder gulerodsflue. Løg blandet med gulerødder forvirrer løg- og gulerodfluer. For at gulerøddernes gavnlige insekt-tiltrækkende egenskaber kan fungere, skal de blomstre; Ellers skal du bruge den vilde gulerod, for samme virkning. Hør producerer en olie, der kan beskytte rodgrøntsager som gulerødder mod nogle skadedyr.
Blomkål Brassica oleracea Bønner,[10] selleri,[4] spinat,[kilde mangler] ærter[37] Mix af kinakål, morgenfruer, raps, og solsikke.[kilde mangler] spinat,[kilde mangler] ærter[37] En række spinat, med 60 cm fra hver række blomkål kan være gensidigt fordelagtig.[kilde mangler] Se ærter ang. deres forbindelse med blomkål.
Selleri Apium graveolens Buskbønner,[4][14] kål,[4][17] agurk[38] Cosmos bipinnatus, margueritter, løvemund, porre,[4] tomater,[4] blomkål,[4] kål,[4] bønner[4]   Mellus[38] Majs, asters   Asters kan overføre sygdommen aster yellows
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Majs Zea mays Bønner,[14][19] agurk,[12] sojabønner,[39] tomater[40] Solsikker, dild,[19] bælgplanter (bønner,[12][14][19] ærter,[12] sojabønner etc.), peanuts, agurker,[12] kløver,[41] amaranth,[42] hvid storkenæb, opret amarant,[12] gåsefod, snerler, persille, og kartofel,[12] marksennep,[43] Sudan grass[kilde mangler] Tomat,[44] selleri Giver bønner med en espalie, er beskyttet mod rovdyr og tørke med agurker, i Tre søstre-teknikken
Agurker Cucumis sativus Bønner,[10][19] kålrabi,[21] salat[12] kålrabi,[21] tallerkensmækker,[12] radise,[44] morgenfruer, solsikker,[44] ærter,[44] bønner,[14][19][44] kamille,[12] bønner, gulerødder, dild,[19] løg,[45] hvidløg,[45][46] Rød amarant (Amaranthus cruentus),[47] selleri,[38] Malabar spinat[38] Til gavn for jordbiller myrer[12] kartofel,[12] aromatiske urter[12] Så 2 eller 3 radisefrø sammen med agurker for at afvise agurkebiller.[12] et studie viste 75% reduktion af agurkebiller med samtidig såning af amaranth.[47] Forskellige sprays af salat, asparagus, og selleri kan reducere mellus.[38]
Aubergine Solanum melongena Bønner, peber, tomater,[48] passionsfrugt[20] morgenfruer, almindelig katteurt,[19] dild,[kilde mangler] amaranth,[44] grønne bønner,[44] estragon, mynte, timian[12] morgenfruer vil afskrække nematoder.
Kålrabi Brassica oleracea v. gongylodes Løg,[12][21] beder,[21] aromatiske planter,[21] agurk[21] Beder,[12][21] agurk[21] Se kål for yderligere info
Porreløg Allium ampeloprasum v. porrum]] Gulerødder,[12] selleri,[21] løg,[21] tomat,[49] passionsfrugt[20] Gulerødder[11] kløver,[50] Swiss chard See Alliums entry for more info
Salat Lactuca sativa Beder,[10] bønner,[51] okra,[51] løg,[21] radise,[12] broccoli,[24] gulerødder,[36] passionsfrugt[20] radise, beder,[19] dild,[12][19] kålrabi, løg,[12][21][23] beans,[51] gulerødder,[12][36] agurker,[12] jordbær,[12] broccoli[24] timian,[23] brøndkarse ,[23] krognål,[52] cilantro[52] Snegle.[33] Selleri, kål, karse, persille Mynte, isop, salvie holder snegle væk. Broccoli sammen med salat giver bedre udbytte end planterne alene[24]
Sennep Sinapis alba Bønner,[12] broccoli,[kilde mangler] kål, blomkål, frugttræer,[12] druer,[12] radise, rosenkål, majroer Forskellige skadedyr Se kål for mere info. Sennep fungerer som afledning i ved broccoli.[kilde mangler]
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Natskygger Solanaceae Carrots, alliums, mints (basil, oregano, etc.) Beans, black walnuts, corn, fennel, dill, kål Nightshades are a family of plants which include tomater, tobacco, chili peppers (including bell peppers), kartofler, eggplant, and others
Okra Abelmoschus esculentus Sød kartofel, tomater,[48] peppers[53] Beans,[51] salat,[51] squash,[51] sweet potato, peppers[53] Okra and sweet potato are mutually beneficial when planted simultaneously.
Pastinak Pastinaca sativa Frugttræer Forskellige rovinsekter Pastinakblomster vil tiltrække en række rovdyrinsekter til haven, som især er nyttige, når de spredes under frugttræer, rovdyrene angriber æblevikler og lysebrun æblemøl. Roden indeholder også Myristricin, som er giftig for frugtfluer, husfluer, rød edderkoppemide, ærtebladlus.
Ærter Pisum sativum kål,[kilde mangler] majroe,[37] blomkål,[37] hvidløg,[37] majroe,[37] blomkål,[37] hvidløg,[37] mints[12] Colorado potato beetle[6] ærter when intercropped with majroes, blomkål, or hvidløg showed mutual suppression of growth however their profit per land area used was increased.[37]
Paprika /peper Solanaceae, Capsicum Okra[53] Bønner,[54] tomater, marjoram,[kilde mangler] okra,[53] geraniums, petunias, sunflowers,[55][56] løg[2] crimson kløver,[57] basil,[12] field mustard[43] Beans, kale (kål, rosenkål, etc.) Pepper plants like high humidity, which can be helped along by planting with some kind of dense-leaf or ground-cover companion, like marjoram and basil; they also need direct sunlight, but their fruit can be harmed by it...pepper plants grown together, or with tomater, can shelter the fruit from sunlight, and raises the humidity level. Sunflowers, when in bloom at the right time, sheltered beneficial insects which lowered thrips populations.[55]
Kartofel Solanum tuberosum kål,[4] beans,[58][59][60] corn,[12] ærter,[61] passion fruit[20] Horseradise,[12][19] beans,[14][58][59][60] dead nettle,[12] morgenfruer,[12] ærter,[6][61] onion,[3] hvidløg,[3][62] thimian,[12] kløver[63] Mexican bean beetle[59] Atriplex, Carrot, cucumber,[12] pumpkin,[64] raspberries, squash, sunflower, tomato Horseradise increases the disease resistance of kartofler. It repels the potato bug.[19] hvidløg was shown to be more effective than fungicides on late potato blight.[62] ærter were shown to reduce the density of Colorado potato beetles.[6]
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Græskar Cucurbita pepo Corn,[64] beans Buckwheat, Jimson weed,[64] almindelig katteurt, oregano,[12] tansy, radisees, nasturtiums spiders, ground beetles kartofler[64] radisees can be used as a trap crop against flea beetles, cucurbita can be used in the three sisters technique. Nasturtiums repel squash bugs.[12]
radise Raphanus sativus Squash[12] eggplant, cucumber,[12] salat,[19] ærter,[19] beans,[10][19] pole beans,[10] Chervil,[12][19] salat,[12] nasturtiums[12][19] flea beetles, cucumber beetles[19] Grapes radisees can be used as a trap crop against flea beetles. radisees grown with salat taste better.[12]
Soyabønner Glycine max Corn,[39] snap beans,[kilde mangler] sunflower[39] A mixture of corn, mungbean, and sunflower was found to rid soybeans of aphids.[39] Snap beans act as a trap crop for Mexican bean beetles in soybeans.[kilde mangler]
Spinat Spinacia oleracea kål,[17] blomkål,[kilde mangler] passion fruit[20] jordbær,[65] ærter, beans, blomkål[kilde mangler] The ærter and beans provide natural shade for the spinat. See blomkål notes regarding mutualism with spinat.[kilde mangler]
Squash Cucurbita spp. corn, beans,[51] okra,[51] Beans,[51] buckwheat, hjulkrone,[12][19] almindelig katteurt, tansy, radisees,[12] morgenfruer,[23] nasturtiums[12][59] Spiders, ground beetles radisees can be used as a trap crop against flea beetles, cucurbita can be used in the three sisters technique. morgenfruer[23] and nasturtiums repel squash bugs.[12][59] morgenfruer repel cucumber beetles.[23]
Sød kartofel Ipomoea batatas Okra Okra Okra and sweet potato are mutually beneficial when planted simultaneously.
Tomater Solanum lycopersicum kål,[kilde mangler] broccoli,[25] kål,[kilde mangler] celery,[4] roses,[12] peppers, asparagus[65] Asparagus,[13] basil,[19][23][49][66] beans,[14] bee balm (Monarda),[10][12] oregano, parsley, marigold,[12] alliums, hvidløg,[1][12] leeks,[49] celery, geraniums, petunias, nasturtium, hjulkrone,[12][19] coriander,[35][67] chives,[12] corn,[40] dill,[35] mustard,[35] fenugreek,[35] barley,[35] Carrots,[35] eggplant,[48] mints,[12] okra,[48] salvie,[12] thimian,[12][23] "flower strips"[68] Asparagus beetle[65] Black walnut,[12] alfalfa,[69] corn,[44] fennel,[12] chili peppers,[48] ærter,[40] dill, kartofler,[12] beetroot, kål,[12] rosemary Black walnuts inhibit tomato growth,[12] in fact they are negative allelopathic to all other nightshade plants (chili pepper, potato, tobacco, petunia) as well, because it produces a chemical called juglone. Dill attracts tomato hornworm.

Growing tomater with Basil does not appear to enhance tomato flavour but studies have shown that growing them around 10 inches apart can increase the yield of tomater by about 20%.[66] One study shows that growing chili peppers near tomater in greenhouses increases tomato whitefly on the tomater.[48]
majroes and rutabagas kål rapa and kål napokål ærter,[37][65] broccoli[26] Hairy vetch,[65] ærter[37][65] hedge mustard,[65] knotweed[65] majroes act as a trap crop for broccoli.[26] See ærter regarding their mutualism with majroes.

Referencer

[redigér | rediger kildetekst]
  1. ^ a b Nassef, Dalia; El-Gaid, M.A. Abd (2012). "Evaluation of yield and its components of intercropped tomato – hvidløg in New Valley Governorate" (PDF). Research Journal of Agriculture and Biological Sciences. 8 (2): 256-260.
  2. ^ a b Kahn, Brian A. (juni 2010). "Intercropping for field production of peppers". HortTechnology. 20 (3): 530-532.
  3. ^ a b c Potts, Michael J.; Gunadi, Nikardi (1991). "The influence of intercropping with Allium on some insect populations in potato (Solatium tuberosum)". Annals of Applied Biology. 119 (1): 207-213. doi:10.1111/j.1744-7348.1991.tb04859.x.
  4. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z "Carrots Love tomater, pg. 3".
  5. ^ a b c d e f "Compatible Plants with Onion & hvidløg | Home Guides | SF Gate".
  6. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Mateeva, A.; Ivanova, M.; Vassileva, M. (2002). "Effect of intercropping on the population density of pests in some vegetables". Acta Horticulturae. 579: 507-511.
  7. ^ Intercropping: A participatory ipm-model for small scale vegetable farmers in Southern Blue Nile Region, Sudan
  8. ^ a b Gachu, S.M.; Muthomi, J.W.; Narla, R.D.; Nderitu, J.H.; Olubayo, F.M.; Wagacha, J.M. (maj 2012). "Management of thrips (Thrips tabaci) in bulb onion by use of vegetable intercrops" (PDF). International Journal of AgriScience. 2 (5): 393-402.
  9. ^ a b c d Finch, S.; Collier, Rosemary H. (2012). "The influence of host and non-host companion plants on the behaviour of pest insects in field crops". Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata. 142: 87-96. doi:10.1111/j.1570-7458.2011.01191.x.
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  11. ^ a b c Riotti, Louise (2004). Carrots love tomater & roses love hvidløg: Secrets of companion planting for successful gardening. U.S.A.: Storey Publishing, LLC.
  12. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z æ ø å aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az aæ aø aå ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx by bz bæ bø bå ca "Cornell University Cooperative Extension - Companion Planting" (PDF). Arkiveret fra originalen (PDF) 2014-02-21.
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  15. ^ "Companion Planting jordbær".
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  18. ^ "The Best Time to Plant Fava Beans".
  19. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z æ ø å aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah Fodnotefejl: Ugyldigt <ref>-tag; ingen tekst er angivet for referencer med navnet limestone
  20. ^ a b c d e f g Fodnotefejl: Ugyldigt <ref>-tag; ingen tekst er angivet for referencer med navnet passionfruit infonet
  21. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Fodnotefejl: Ugyldigt <ref>-tag; ingen tekst er angivet for referencer med navnet CarrotsLovetomater_5
  22. ^ Hoffmann, Mike; Hoebeke, Rick; Dillard, Helene (1999). Flea beetle pests of vegetables (PDF) (Teknisk rapport). Cornell University Integrated Pest Management.
  23. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Riesselman, Leah. Companion planting: A method for sustainable pest control (PDF) (Teknisk rapport). Iowa State University. RFR-A9099. Arkiveret fra originalen (PDF) 2013-05-14. Hentet 2014-03-22.
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  28. ^ Undersowing cruciferous vegetables with kløver: the effect of sowing time on flea beetles and diamondback moth
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  30. ^ Effect of intercropping white kål with French Marigold (Tagetes patula nana L.) and Pot Marigold (Calendula officinalis L.) on the colonization of plants by pest insects
  31. ^ Kenny, G.J.; Chapman, R.B. (1988). "Effects of an intercrop on the insect pests, yield, and quality of kål". New Zealand Journal of Experimental Agriculture. 16: 67-72. doi:10.1080/03015521.1988.10425616.
  32. ^ Morris, Michael C.; Li, Frank Y. (2000). "Coriander (Coriandrum sativum) "companion plants" can attract hoverflies, and may reduce pest infestation in kåls". New Zealand Journal of Crop and Horticultural Science. 28 (3): 213-217. doi:10.1080/01140671.2000.9514141.
  33. ^ a b Fodnotefejl: Ugyldigt <ref>-tag; ingen tekst er angivet for referencer med navnet UCal Snails
  34. ^ Fodnotefejl: Ugyldigt <ref>-tag; ingen tekst er angivet for referencer med navnet sfgate
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  36. ^ a b c d Bezerra Neto, Francisco; Gonçalves Gomes, Eliane; Rocha de Araújo, Rychardson; Queiroga de Oliveira; de Sousa Nunes, Henrique; Costa Grangeiro, Leilson; da Silveira Borges Azevedo, Celicina Maria (jan. 2010). "Evaluation of yield advantage indexes in Carrot-salat intercropping systems" (PDF). Interciencia. 35 (1): 59-64.{{cite journal}}: CS1-vedligeholdelse: Dato automatisk oversat (link)
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  38. ^ a b c d e Zhao, Qing; Zhu, Junwei J.; Qin, Yuchuan; Pan, Pengliang; Tu, Hongtao; Du, Wenxiao; Zhou, Wangfang; Baxendale, Frederick P. (2014). "Reducing whiteflies on cucumber using intercropping with less preferred vegetables". Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata. 150: 19-27. doi:10.1111/eea.12135.
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Fodnotefejl: <ref>-tag med navn "InTech" defineret inden i <references> anvendes ikke i den ovenstående tekst.

Videre læsning

[redigér | rediger kildetekst]
  • Cunningham, Sally Jean. Great Garden Companions: A companion planting system for a beautiful, chemical-free vegetable garden. 1998. ISBN 0-87596-847-3
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