Bruger:Hejsa/tester

Academy Award for Best Actor
Awarded for	"Performance by an actor in a leading role"
Presented by	Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences
Country	United States
First awarded	1929 (for performances in films released in 1927/1928)
First winner	Emil Jannings, The Last Command and The Way of All Flesh (1927)
Currently held by	Sean Penn, Milk (2008)
Official Website

Performance by an Actor in a Leading Role is one of the Academy Awards of Merit presented annually by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS) to recognize an actor who has delivered an outstanding performance while working within the film industry. Prior to the 49th Academy Awards ceremony (1977), this award was simply known as the Academy Award of Merit for Performance by an Actor. Since its inception, however, the award has commonly been referred to as the Oscar for Best Actor. While actors are nominated for this award by Academy members who are actors and actresses themselves, winners are selected by the Academy membership as a whole.

History

Throughout the past 81 years, accounting for ties and repeat winners, AMPAS has presented a total of 82 Best Actor awards to 73 different actors. Winners of this Academy Award of Merit receive the familiar Oscar statuette, depicting a gold-plated knight holding a crusader's sword and standing on a reel of film. The first recipient was Emil Jannings, who was honored at the 1st Academy Awards ceremony (1929) for his performances in The Last Command and The Way of All Flesh. The most recent recipient was Sean Penn, who was honored at the 81st Academy Awards ceremony (2009) for his performance as history-making politician Harvey Milk in Milk.

In the first three years of the Academy Awards, individuals such as actors and directors were nominated as the best in their categories. At that time, all of their work during the qualifying period (as many as three films, in some cases) was listed after the award. However, during the 3rd Academy Awards ceremony (1930), only one of those films was cited in each winner's final award, even though each of the acting winners had had two films following their names on the ballots. For the 4th Academy Awards ceremony (1931), this unwieldy and confusing system was replaced by the current system in which an actor is nominated for a specific performance in a single film. Such nominations are limited to five per year. Until the 8th Academy Awards ceremony (1936), nominations for the Best Actor award were intended to include all actors, whether the performance was in either a leading or supporting role. At the 9th Academy Awards ceremony (1937), however, the Best Supporting Actor category was specifically introduced as a distinct award following complaints that the single Best Actor category necessarily favored leading performers with the most screen time. Nonetheless, Lionel Barrymore had received a Best Actor award (A Free Soul, 1931) and Franchot Tone a Best Actor nomination (Mutiny on the Bounty, 1936) for their performances in clear supporting roles. Currently, Performance by an Actor in a Leading Role, Performance by an Actress in a Leading Role, Performance by an Actor in a Supporting Role, and Performance by an Actress in a Supporting Role constitute the four Academy Awards of Merit for acting annually presented by AMPAS.

Other awards for acting

Actors have also received special awards, or Academy Honorary Awards, for acting in specific films (such as in the case of James Baskett, who received a special honorary award for Disney's Song of the South). Child actors have also been awarded the Academy Juvenile Award.

Superlatives

Superlative	Best Actor		Best Supporting Actor		Overall
Actor with most awards	Spencer Tracy Fredric March Gary Cooper Marlon Brando Dustin Hoffman Tom Hanks Jack Nicholson Daniel Day-Lewis Sean Penn	2	Walter Brennan	3	Walter Brennan Jack Nicholson	3
Actor with most nominations	Spencer Tracy Laurence Olivier	9	Walter Brennan Claude Rains Arthur Kennedy Jack Nicholson	4	Jack Nicholson	12
Actor with most nominations without ever winning	Peter O'Toole	8	Claude Rains Arthur Kennedy	4	Peter O'Toole	8
Film with most nominations	Mutiny on the Bounty	3	On the Waterfront The Godfather The Godfather Part II	3	On the Waterfront The Godfather The Godfather Part II	4
Oldest winner	Henry Fonda	76	George Burns	80	George Burns	80
Oldest nominee	Richard Farnsworth	79	Hal Holbrook	82	Hal Holbrook	82
Youngest winner	Adrien Brody	29	Timothy Hutton	20	Timothy Hutton	20
Youngest nominee	Jackie Cooper	9	Justin Henry	8	Justin Henry	8

Nine men have won the Best Actor award twice. In chronological order, they are: Spencer Tracy (1937, 1938), Fredric March (1932, 1946), Gary Cooper (1941, 1952), Marlon Brando (1954, 1972), Dustin Hoffman (1979, 1988), Tom Hanks (1993, 1994), Jack Nicholson (1975, 1997), Daniel Day-Lewis (1989, 2007), and Sean Penn (2003, 2008). Of these, all were Americans except for Daniel Day-Lewis. Tracy and Hanks were the only actors to win their awards in consecutive years. Furthermore, Tracy and Hanks were the same age at the time they received their Academy Awards: 37 for the first and 38 for the second.

The actors with the most nominations in this category are Spencer Tracy and Laurence Olivier, with nine each. Paul Newman, Jack Nicholson, and Peter O'Toole tie for third place with eight nominations each. Nicholson won his awards a record 22 years apart. O'Toole holds the record for the longest time span between his first and last nominations (44 years), and he also holds the record for the greatest number of nominations without ever winning the award (eight).

Six actors have won both the Best Actor and the Best Supporting Actor awards: Jack Lemmon, Robert De Niro, Jack Nicholson, Gene Hackman, Kevin Spacey, and Denzel Washington.

Two actors have won an Academy Award (Best Actor and Best Supporting Actor) for portraying the same character, that of Don Vito Corleone in The Godfather and The Godfather Part II, respectively. The actors were Marlon Brando and Robert De Niro.

There has been only one announced tie in the history of this category. In 1932, Fredric March received one more vote than Wallace Beery. Academy rules at that time considered such a close margin to be a tie, so both March and Beery received the award. Under the current Academy rules, however, dual awards are only given for exact ties. While that has never happened for the Best Actor award, it did happen for the Best Actress award in 1969.

Peter Finch is the only posthumous winner of the Best Actor award, though he was alive when his nomination was announced (the only other posthumous winner in any acting category was another Australian, Heath Ledger, who won the Best Supporting Actor award in 2009). The only posthumously nominated performers in this category were James Dean, Spencer Tracy, and Massimo Troisi. Dean was posthumously nominated twice.

Three actors have been nominated for Best Actor more than once for the same character: Bing Crosby as Father O'Malley in Going My Way and The Bells of St. Mary's; Peter O'Toole as King Henry II in Becket and The Lion in Winter; and Paul Newman as "Fast Eddie" Felson in The Hustler and The Color of Money. (Al Pacino was nominated in 1975 for a role for which he had previously been nominated for Best Supporting Actor, Michael Corleone, in The Godfather Part II.)

Michael Douglas (1988, Wall Street) and Laurence Olivier (1949, Hamlet) are the only two actors to win the Academy Award for Best Actor and Best Picture (Douglas as a producer of One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest in 1976, and Olivier as producer of Hamlet). Olivier is also the only actor to win for acting and producing in the same year. Other Oscar nominees for Best Actor and Best Picture are: Clint Eastwood (acting nominations for Unforgiven, 1993, and Million Dollar Baby, 2005, winner for both in the Best Picture category); Kevin Costner, Best Actor nominee for Dances with Wolves and winning producer for the same film, in 1991; Paul Newman, Best Actor winner for The Color of Money and a Best Picture nominee for Rachel, Rachel in 1969; and Henry Fonda, Best Actor winner for On Golden Pond and a Best Picture nominee for 12 Angry Men in 1958.

Barry Fitzgerald is the only actor to be nominated for both Best Actor and Best Supporting Actor for the same character in the same year (as Father Fitzgibbon for Going My Way). Afterward, the rules were changed to disallow this.

Several pairs of actors have been nominated for playing the same character or historical figure: Fredric March and James Mason as Norman Maine in 1937's A Star Is Born and the 1954 version, Robert Donat and Peter O'Toole as Chipping in 1939's Goodbye, Mr. Chips and the 1969 version, Laurence Olivier and Kenneth Branagh as Henry V in 1944's Henry V and the 1989 version (both of which were directed by their stars), Charles Laughton and Richard Burton as Henry VIII in The Private Life of Henry VIII and Anne of the Thousand Days, Leslie Howard and Rex Harrison as Professor Henry Higgins in Pygmalion and My Fair Lady, José Ferrer and Gerard Depardieu as Cyrano de Bergerac in 1950's Cyrano de Bergerac and the 1990 version, Robert Montgomery and Warren Beatty as Joe Pendleton in Here Comes Mr. Jordan and Heaven Can Wait, and Anthony Hopkins and Frank Langella as Richard Nixon in Nixon and Frost/Nixon. Robert De Niro won Best Supporting Actor for playing Vito Corleone in The Godfather Part II, the role for which Marlon Brando had previously won Best Actor.

Laurence Olivier is the only actor to have won an Oscar for a Shakespearean performance: Best Actor for Hamlet (1948). Olivier also received an Academy Honorary Award for Henry V (1944), which Olivier described as a "fub-off".

Robert Downey, Jr. is the only actor nominated for playing a previous nominee, Charlie Chaplin, in Chaplin.

Two actors directed their own Oscar-winning performances: Laurence Olivier in Hamlet and Roberto Benigni in Life Is Beautiful. To date, however, no individual has won both Best Actor and Best Director.

Two winners have declined the award: George C. Scott, who won for Patton in 1971 (he had also declined his 1962 nomination for Best Supporting Actor for The Hustler); and Marlon Brando, upon winning his second Oscar for The Godfather in 1973.

A few early winning and nominated performances have subsequently been lost, including Emil Jannings in The Way of All Flesh (1928), Lewis Stone in The Patriot (1928), and Lawrence Tibbett in The Rogue Song (1930), of which only a short fragment and the soundtrack survives.

The earliest nominee in this category who is still alive is Jackie Cooper (1931), followed by Mickey Rooney (1940). The earliest winner in this category who is still alive is Ernest Borgnine (1956), followed by Maximilian Schell (1962)—both won over Spencer Tracy and starred in the films for which Tracy was nominated. The few remaining living nominees from the 1940s–50s Hollywood era include Kirk Douglas (3 nominations) and Tony Curtis (1 nomination). Sidney Poitier also received his first nomination in 1958 with Curtis.

The distance of the two-time winners are Spencer Tracy (1 year), Tom Hanks (1 year), Sean Penn (5 years), Dustin Hoffman (9 years), Gary Cooper (11 years), Fredric March (14 years), Marlon Brando (18 years), Daniel Day-Lewis (18 years), and Jack Nicholson (22 years).

Multiple nominations

The following actors have received multiple Best Actor nominations. The list is sorted by the number of total awards (with the number of total nominations listed in parentheses).

• 2  : Spencer Tracy (9)
• 2  : Jack Nicholson (8)
• 2  : Marlon Brando (7)
• 2  : Dustin Hoffman (7)
• 2  : Gary Cooper (5)
• 2  : Tom Hanks (5)
• 2  : Fredric March (5)

• 2  : Sean Penn (5)
• 2  : Daniel Day-Lewis (4)
• 1  : Laurence Olivier (9)
• 1  : Paul Newman (8)
• 1  : Jack Lemmon (7)
• 1  : Paul Muni (6)
• 1  : James Stewart (5)
• 1  : Al Pacino (5)

• 1  : Robert De Niro (5)
• 1  : Clark Gable (3)
• 1  : William Holden (3)
• 1  : Anthony Hopkins (3)
• 1  : Russell Crowe (3)
• 1  : Denzel Washington (3)
• 1  : Nicolas Cage (2)
• 1  : Gene Hackman (2)

Life expectancy of winners

In 2001 Donald A. Redelmeier, MD, and Sheldon M. Singh, BSc published a study in the Annals of Internal Medicine in which they found:

"Winning an Academy Award was associated with a large gain in life expectancy for actors and actresses...Winning an Academy Award can increase a performer’s stature and may add to their longevity. The absolute difference in life expectancy is about equal to the societal consequence of curing all cancers in all people for all time (22, 23). Moreover, movie stars who have won multiple Academy Awards have a survival advantage of 6.0 years (CI, 0.7 to 11.3 years) over performers with multiple films but no victories. Formal education is not the only way to improve health, and strict poverty is not the only way to worsen health. The main implication is that higher status may be linked to lower mortality rates even at very impressive levels of achievement."

The aforementioned authors did an update to 29 March 2006 in which they found 122 more individuals and 144 more deaths since their first publication. Their unadjusted analysis showed a smaller survival advantage of 3.6 years for winners compared to their fellow nominees and costars in the films in which their performance garnered them their award. However, in a 2006 published study by Marie-Pierre Sylvestre, MSc, Ella Huszti, MSc, and James A. Hanley, PhD, the authors found:

"The statistical method used to derive this statistically significant difference gave winners an unfair advantage because it credited an Oscar winner's years of life before winning toward survival subsequent to winning. When the authors of the current article reanalyzed the data using methods that avoided this "immortal time" bias, the survival advantage was closer to 1 year and was not statistically significant. The bias in Redelmeier and Singh's study is not limited to longevity comparisons of persons who reach different ranks within their profession."

Winners and nominees

Following the Academy's practice, the films below are listed by year of their Los Angeles qualifying run, which is usually (but not always) the film's year of release. For example, the Oscar for Best Actor of 1999 was announced during the award ceremony held in 2000. Winners are listed first in bold, followed by the other nominees.

1920s

• 1927–1928 Emil Jannings - The Last Command as Gen. Dolgorucki / Grand Duke Sergius Alexander and The Way of All Flesh as August Schilling
  • Richard Barthelmess - The Noose as Nickie Elkins and The Patent Leather Kid as Patent Leather Kid

• 1928–1929 Warner Baxter - In Old Arizona as The Cisco Kid
  • George Bancroft - Thunderbolt as Thunderbolt Jim Lang
  • Chester Morris - Alibi as Chick Williams (No. 1065)
  • Paul Muni - The Valiant as James Dyke
  • Lewis Stone - The Patriot as Count Pahlen

• 1929–1930 George Arliss - Disraeli as Benjamin Disraeli
  • George Arliss - The Green Goddess as The Raja of Rukh
  • Wallace Beery - The Big House as 'Machine Gun' Butch Schmidt
  • Maurice Chevalier - The Big Pond as Pierre Mirande and The Love Parade as Count Alfred Renard
  • Ronald Colman - Bulldog Drummond as Capt. Hugh 'Bulldog' Drummond and Condemned as Michel
  • Lawrence Tibbett - The Rogue Song as Yegor

1930s

• 1930–1931 Lionel Barrymore - A Free Soul as Stephen Ashe
  • Adolphe Menjou - The Front Page as Walter Burns
  • Jackie Cooper - Skippy as Skippy Skinner
  • Richard Dix - Cimarron as Yancey Cravat
  • Fredric March - The Royal Family of Broadway as Tony Cavendish

• 1931–1932 Fredric March - Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde as Dr. Henry L. Jekyll / Mr. Hyde
  Wallace Beery - The Champ as Champ (tie)
  • Alfred Lunt - The Guardsman as The Actor

• 1932–1933 Charles Laughton - The Private Life of Henry VIII as King Henry VIII of England
  • Leslie Howard - Berkeley Square as Peter Standish
  • Paul Muni - I Am a Fugitive from a Chain Gang as James Allen

• 1934 Clark Gable - It Happened One Night as Peter Warne
  • Frank Morgan - The Affairs of Cellini as Alessandro - Duke of Florence
  • William Powell - The Thin Man as Nick Charles

• 1935 Victor McLaglen - The Informer as Gypo Nolan
  • Clark Gable - Mutiny on the Bounty as Fletcher Christian
  • Charles Laughton - Mutiny on the Bounty as William Bligh
  • Paul Muni - Black Fury as Joe Radek
  • Franchot Tone - Mutiny on the Bounty as Byam

• 1936 Paul Muni - The Story of Louis Pasteur as Louis Pasteur
  • Gary Cooper - Mr. Deeds Goes to Town as Longfellow Deeds
  • Walter Huston - Dodsworth as Sam Dodsworth
  • William Powell - My Man Godfrey as Godfrey
  • Spencer Tracy - San Francisco as Father Tim Mullin

• 1937 Spencer Tracy - Captains Courageous as Manuel
  • Charles Boyer - Conquest as Emperor Napoleon Bonaparte
  • Fredric March - A Star Is Born as Norman Maine
  • Robert Montgomery - Night Must Fall as Danny
  • Paul Muni - The Life of Emile Zola as Émile Zola

• 1938 Spencer Tracy - Boys Town as Father Flanagan
  • Charles Boyer - Algiers as Pepe le Moko
  • James Cagney - Angels with Dirty Faces as Rocky Sullivan
  • Robert Donat - The Citadel as Andrew
  • Leslie Howard - Pygmalion as Professor Henry Higgins

• 1939 Robert Donat - Goodbye, Mr. Chips as Mr. Chips
  • Clark Gable - Gone with the Wind as Rhett Butler
  • Laurence Olivier - Wuthering Heights as Heathcliff
  • Mickey Rooney - Babes in Arms as Mickey Moran
  • James Stewart - Mr. Smith Goes to Washington as Jefferson Smith

1940s

• 1940 James Stewart - The Philadelphia Story as Macaulay Connor
  • Charlie Chaplin - The Great Dictator as Adenoid Hynkel (Dictator of Tomania) / A Jewish Barber
  • Henry Fonda - The Grapes of Wrath as Tom Joad
  • Raymond Massey - Abe Lincoln in Illinois as Abraham Lincoln
  • Laurence Olivier - Rebecca as 'Maxim' de Winter

• 1941 Gary Cooper - Sergeant York as Alvin C. York
  • Cary Grant - Penny Serenade as Roger Adams
  • Walter Huston - The Devil and Daniel Webster as Mr. Scratch
  • Robert Montgomery - Here Comes Mr. Jordan as Joe Pendleton
  • Orson Welles - Citizen Kane as Charles Foster Kane

• 1942 James Cagney - Yankee Doodle Dandy as George M. Cohan
  • Ronald Colman - Random Harvest as Charles Rainier
  • Gary Cooper - The Pride of the Yankees as Henry Louis 'Lou' Gehrig
  • Walter Pidgeon - Mrs. Miniver as Clem Miniver
  • Monty Woolley - The Pied Piper as Howard

• 1943 Paul Lukas - Watch on the Rhine as Kurt Muller
  • Humphrey Bogart - Casablanca as Rick Blaine
  • Gary Cooper - For Whom the Bell Tolls as Robert Jordan
  • Walter Pidgeon - Madame Curie as Pierre Curie
  • Mickey Rooney - The Human Comedy as Homer Macauley

• 1944 Bing Crosby - Going My Way as Father Chuck O'Malley
  • Charles Boyer - Gaslight as Gregory Anton
  • Barry Fitzgerald - Going My Way as Father Fitzgibbon
  • Cary Grant - None but the Lonely Heart as Ernie Mott
  • Alexander Knox - Wilson as Woodrow Wilson

• 1945 Ray Milland - The Lost Weekend as Don Birnam
  • Bing Crosby - The Bells of St. Mary's as Father Chuck O'Malley
  • Gene Kelly - Anchors Aweigh as Joseph Brady
  • Gregory Peck - The Keys of the Kingdom as Father Francis Chisholm
  • Cornel Wilde - A Song to Remember as Frédéric Chopin

• 1946 Fredric March - The Best Years of Our Lives as Al Stephenson
  • Laurence Olivier - Henry V as King Henry V of England
  • Larry Parks - The Jolson Story as Al Jolson
  • Gregory Peck - The Yearling as Ezra 'Penny' Baxter
  • James Stewart - It's a Wonderful Life as George Bailey

• 1947 Ronald Colman - A Double Life as Anthony John
  • John Garfield - Body and Soul as Charlie Davis
  • Gregory Peck - Gentleman's Agreement as Philip Schuyler Green aka Greenberg
  • William Powell - Life with Father as Clarence Day, Sr.
  • Michael Redgrave - Mourning Becomes Electra as Orin Mannon

• 1948 Laurence Olivier - Hamlet as Hamlet, Prince of Denmark
  • Lew Ayres - Johnny Belinda as Dr. Robert Richardson
  • Montgomery Clift - The Search as Ralph 'Steve' Stevenson
  • Dan Dailey - When My Baby Smiles at Me as 'Skid' Johnson
  • Clifton Webb - Sitting Pretty as Lynn Belvedere

• 1949 Broderick Crawford - All the King's Men as Willie Stark
  • Kirk Douglas - Champion as Michael 'Midge' Kelly
  • Gregory Peck - Twelve O'Clock High as General Savage
  • Richard Todd - The Hasty Heart as Cpl. Lachlan 'Lachie' MacLachlan
  • John Wayne - Sands of Iwo Jima as Sgt. John M. Stryker

1950s

• 1950 José Ferrer - Cyrano de Bergerac as Cyrano de Bergerac
  • Louis Calhern - The Magnificent Yankee as Oliver Wendell Holmes
  • William Holden - Sunset Boulevard as Joe Gillis
  • James Stewart - Harvey as Elwood P. Dowd
  • Spencer Tracy - Father of the Bride as Stanley T. Banks

• 1951 Humphrey Bogart - The African Queen as Charlie Allnut
  • Marlon Brando - A Streetcar Named Desire as Stanley Kowalski
  • Montgomery Clift - A Place in the Sun as George Eastman
  • Arthur Kennedy - Bright Victory as Larry Nevins
  • Fredric March - Death of a Salesman as Willy Loman

• 1952 Gary Cooper - High Noon as Marshal Will Kane
  • Marlon Brando - Viva Zapata! as Emiliano Zapata
  • Kirk Douglas - The Bad and the Beautiful as Jonathan Shields
  • José Ferrer - Moulin Rouge as Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec / The Comte de Toulouse-Lautrec
  • Alec Guinness - The Lavender Hill Mob as Henry Holland

• 1953 William Holden - Stalag 17 as Sgt. J.J. Sefton
  • Marlon Brando - Julius Caesar as Mark Antony
  • Richard Burton - The Robe as Marcellus Gallio
  • Montgomery Clift - From Here to Eternity as Pvt. Robert E. Lee 'Prew' Prewitt
  • Burt Lancaster - From Here to Eternity as 1st Sgt. Milton Warden

• 1954 Marlon Brando - On the Waterfront as Terry Malloy
  • Humphrey Bogart - The Caine Mutiny as Lt. Cmdr. Philip Francis Queeg
  • Bing Crosby - The Country Girl as Frank Elgin
  • James Mason - A Star Is Born as Norman Maine
  • Dan O'Herlihy - The Adventures of Robinson Crusoe as Robinson Crusoe

• 1955 Ernest Borgnine - Marty as Marty Piletti
  • James Cagney - Love Me or Leave Me as Martin Snyder
  • James Dean - East of Eden as Cal Trask (posthumous nomination)
  • Frank Sinatra - The Man with the Golden Arm as Frankie Machine
  • Spencer Tracy - Bad Day at Black Rock as John J. Macreedy

• 1956 Yul Brynner - The King and I as King Mongkut of Siam
  • James Dean - Giant as Jett Rink (posthumous nomination)
  • Kirk Douglas - Lust for Life as Vincent van Gogh
  • Rock Hudson - Giant as Jordan "Bick" Benedict Jr.
  • Laurence Olivier - Richard III as King Richard III of England

• 1957 Alec Guinness - The Bridge on the River Kwai as Colonel Nicholson
  • Marlon Brando - Sayonara as Maj. Lloyd 'Ace' Gruver - USAF
  • Anthony Franciosa - A Hatful of Rain as Polo Pope
  • Charles Laughton - Witness for the Prosecution as Sir Wilfrid Robarts, lawyer
  • Anthony Quinn - Wild Is the Wind as Gino

• 1958 David Niven - Separate Tables as Major Angus Pollock
  • Tony Curtis - The Defiant Ones as John 'Joker' Jackson
  • Paul Newman - Cat on a Hot Tin Roof as Brick Pollitt
  • Sidney Poitier - The Defiant Ones as Noah Cullen
  • Spencer Tracy - The Old Man and the Sea as The Old Man/Narrator

• 1959 Charlton Heston - Ben-Hur as Judah Ben-Hur
  • Laurence Harvey - Room at the Top as Joe Lampton
  • Jack Lemmon - Some Like It Hot as Jerry - 'Daphne'
  • Paul Muni - The Last Angry Man as Dr. Sam Abelman
  • James Stewart - Anatomy of a Murder as Paul Biegler

1960s

• 1960 Burt Lancaster - Elmer Gantry as Elmer Gantry
  • Trevor Howard - Sons and Lovers as Walter Morel
  • Jack Lemmon - The Apartment as C. C. 'Bud' Baxter
  • Laurence Olivier - The Entertainer as Archie Rice
  • Spencer Tracy - Inherit the Wind as Henry Drummond

• 1961 Maximilian Schell - Judgment at Nuremberg as Hans Rolfe
  • Charles Boyer - Fanny as Cesar
  • Paul Newman - The Hustler as Eddie Felson
  • Spencer Tracy - Judgment at Nuremberg as Chief Judge Dan Haywood
  • Stuart Whitman - The Mark as Jim Fuller

• 1962 Gregory Peck - To Kill a Mockingbird as Atticus Finch
  • Burt Lancaster - Birdman of Alcatraz as Robert Stroud
  • Jack Lemmon - Days of Wine and Roses as Joe Clay
  • Marcello Mastroianni - Divorce, Italian Style as Ferdinando Cefalù
  • Peter O'Toole - Lawrence of Arabia as T. E. Lawrence

• 1963 Sidney Poitier - Lilies of the Field as Homer Smith
  • Albert Finney - Tom Jones as Tom Jones
  • Richard Harris - This Sporting Life as Frank Machin
  • Rex Harrison - Cleopatra as Caesar
  • Paul Newman - Hud as Hud Bannon

• 1964 Rex Harrison - My Fair Lady as Professor Henry Higgins
  • Richard Burton - Becket as Thomas Becket
  • Peter O'Toole - Becket as King Henry II of England
  • Anthony Quinn - Zorba the Greek as Alexis Zorba
  • Peter Sellers - Dr. Strangelove as Group Captain Lionel Mandrake/President Merkin Muffley/Dr. Strangelove

• 1965 Lee Marvin - Cat Ballou as Kid Shelleen/Tim Strawn
  • Richard Burton - The Spy Who Came in from the Cold as Alec Leamas
  • Laurence Olivier - Othello as Othello
  • Rod Steiger - The Pawnbroker as Sol Nazerman
  • Oskar Werner - Ship of Fools as Willie Schumann

• 1966 Paul Scofield - A Man for All Seasons as Sir Thomas More
  • Alan Arkin - The Russians Are Coming, the Russians Are Coming as Lt. Rozanov
  • Richard Burton - Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf? as George
  • Michael Caine - Alfie as Alfie Elkins
  • Steve McQueen - The Sand Pebbles as Holman

• 1967 Rod Steiger - In the Heat of the Night as Police Chief Bill Gillespie
  • Warren Beatty - Bonnie and Clyde as Clyde Barrow
  • Dustin Hoffman - The Graduate as Benjamin Braddock
  • Paul Newman - Cool Hand Luke as Luke Jackson
  • Spencer Tracy - Guess Who's Coming to Dinner as Matt Drayton (posthumous nomination)

• 1968 Cliff Robertson - Charly as Charly Gordon
  • Alan Arkin - The Heart Is a Lonely Hunter as John Singer
  • Alan Bates - The Fixer as Yakov Bok
  • Ron Moody - Oliver! as Fagin
  • Peter O'Toole - The Lion in Winter as King Henry II of England

• 1969 John Wayne - True Grit as Marshal Reuben J. 'Rooster' Cogburn
  • Richard Burton - Anne of the Thousand Days as King Henry VIII of England
  • Dustin Hoffman - Midnight Cowboy as Enrico Salvatore 'Ratso' Rizzo
  • Peter O'Toole - Goodbye, Mr. Chips as Arthur Chipping
  • Jon Voight - Midnight Cowboy as Joe Buck

1970s

• 1970 George C. Scott - Patton as Gen. George S. Patton Jr. (declined)
  • Melvyn Douglas - I Never Sang for My Father as Tom Garrison
  • James Earl Jones - The Great White Hope as Jack Jefferson
  • Jack Nicholson - Five Easy Pieces as Robert Eroica Dupea
  • Ryan O'Neal - Love Story as Oliver Barrett IV

• 1971 Gene Hackman - The French Connection as Jimmy "Popeye" Doyle
  • Peter Finch - Sunday Bloody Sunday as Doctor Daniel Hirsh
  • Walter Matthau - Kotch as Joseph P. Kotcher
  • George C. Scott - The Hospital as Doctor Herbert Bock
  • Chaim Topol - Fiddler on the Roof as Tevye

• 1972 Marlon Brando - The Godfather as Don Vito Corleone (declined)
  • Michael Caine - Sleuth as Milo Tindle
  • Laurence Olivier - Sleuth as Andrew Wyke
  • Peter O'Toole - The Ruling Class as Jack Gurney, 14th Earl of Gurney
  • Paul Winfield - Sounder as Nathan Lee Morgan

• 1973 Jack Lemmon - Save the Tiger as Harry Stoner
  • Marlon Brando - Last Tango in Paris as Paul
  • Jack Nicholson - The Last Detail as SM1 Billy 'Bad Ass' Buddusky
  • Al Pacino - Serpico as Frank Serpico
  • Robert Redford - The Sting as Johnny Hooker

• 1974 Art Carney - Harry and Tonto as Harry Coombes
  • Albert Finney - Murder on the Orient Express as Hercule Poirot
  • Dustin Hoffman - Lenny as Lenny Bruce
  • Jack Nicholson - Chinatown as Jake 'J.J.' Gittes
  • Al Pacino - The Godfather Part II as Don Michael Corleone

• 1975 Jack Nicholson - One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest as R.P. McMurphy
  • Walter Matthau - The Sunshine Boys as Willy Clark
  • Al Pacino - Dog Day Afternoon as Sonny Wortzik
  • Maximilian Schell - The Man in the Glass Booth as Arthur Goldman
  • James Whitmore - Give 'em Hell, Harry! as Harry S. Truman

• 1976 Peter Finch - Network as Howard Beale (posthumous win)
  • Robert De Niro - Taxi Driver as Travis Bickle
  • Giancarlo Giannini - Seven Beauties as Pasqualino Frafuso
  • William Holden - Network as Max Schumacher
  • Sylvester Stallone - Rocky as Rocky Balboa

• 1977 Richard Dreyfuss - The Goodbye Girl as Elliot Garfield
  • Woody Allen - Annie Hall as Alvy Singer
  • Richard Burton - Equus as Martin Dysart
  • Marcello Mastroianni - A Special Day as Gabriele
  • John Travolta - Saturday Night Fever as Tony Manero

• 1978 Jon Voight - Coming Home as Luke Martin
  • Warren Beatty - Heaven Can Wait as Joe Pendleton
  • Gary Busey - The Buddy Holly Story as Buddy Holly
  • Robert De Niro - The Deer Hunter as Michael Vronsky
  • Laurence Olivier - The Boys from Brazil as Ezra Lieberman

• 1979 Dustin Hoffman - Kramer vs. Kramer as Ted Kramer
  • Jack Lemmon - The China Syndrome as Jack Godell
  • Al Pacino - …And Justice for All as Arthur Kirkland
  • Roy Scheider - All That Jazz as Joe Gideon
  • Peter Sellers - Being There as Chance

1980s

• 1980 Robert De Niro - Raging Bull as Jake LaMotta
  • Robert Duvall - The Great Santini as Lieutenant Colonel Bull Meechum
  • John Hurt - The Elephant Man as Joseph Merrick
  • Jack Lemmon - Tribute as Scottie Templeton
  • Peter O'Toole - The Stunt Man as Eli Cross

• 1981 Henry Fonda - On Golden Pond as Norman Thayer
  • Warren Beatty - Reds as John Reed
  • Burt Lancaster - Atlantic City as Lou Pascal
  • Dudley Moore - Arthur as Arthur Bach
  • Paul Newman - Absence of Malice as Michael Colin Gallagher

• 1982 Ben Kingsley - Gandhi as Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi
  • Dustin Hoffman - Tootsie as Michael Dorsey/Dorothy Michaels
  • Jack Lemmon - Missing as Ed Horman
  • Paul Newman - The Verdict as Frank Galvin
  • Peter O'Toole - My Favorite Year as Alan Swann

• 1983 Robert Duvall - Tender Mercies as Mac Sledge
  • Michael Caine - Educating Rita as Doctor Frank Bryant
  • Tom Conti - Reuben, Reuben as Gowan McGland
  • Tom Courtenay - The Dresser as Norman
  • Albert Finney - The Dresser as Sir

• 1984 F. Murray Abraham - Amadeus as Antonio Salieri
  • Jeff Bridges - Starman as Starman/Scott Hayden
  • Albert Finney - Under the Volcano as Geoffrey Firmin
  • Tom Hulce - Amadeus as Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
  • Sam Waterston - The Killing Fields as Sydney Schanberg

• 1985 William Hurt - Kiss of the Spider Woman as Luis Molina
  • Harrison Ford - Witness as Detective Captain John Book
  • James Garner - Murphy's Romance as Murphy Jones
  • Jack Nicholson - Prizzi's Honor as Charley Partanna
  • Jon Voight - Runaway Train as Oscar 'Manny' Manheim

• 1986 Paul Newman - The Color of Money as Fast Eddie Felson
  • Dexter Gordon - Round Midnight as Dale Turner
  • Bob Hoskins - Mona Lisa as George
  • William Hurt - Children of a Lesser God as James Leeds
  • James Woods - Salvador as Richard Boyle

• 1987 Michael Douglas - Wall Street as Gordon Gekko
  • William Hurt - Broadcast News as Tom Grunick
  • Marcello Mastroianni - Dark Eyes as Romano
  • Jack Nicholson - Ironweed as Francis Phelan
  • Robin Williams - Good Morning, Vietnam as Adrian Cronauer

• 1988 Dustin Hoffman - Rain Man as Raymond Babbitt
  • Gene Hackman - Mississippi Burning as Agent Rupert Anderson
  • Tom Hanks - Big as Josh Baskin
  • Edward James Olmos - Stand and Deliver as Jaime Escalante
  • Max von Sydow - Pelle the Conqueror as Lassefar

• 1989 Daniel Day-Lewis - My Left Foot as Christy Brown
  • Kenneth Branagh - Henry V as King Henry V of England
  • Tom Cruise - Born on the Fourth of July as Ron Kovic
  • Morgan Freeman - Driving Miss Daisy as Hoke Colburn
  • Robin Williams - Dead Poets Society as John Keating

1990s

• 1990 Jeremy Irons - Reversal of Fortune as Claus von Bülow
  • Kevin Costner - Dances with Wolves as Lieutenant John J. Dunbar
  • Robert De Niro - Awakenings as Leonard Lowe
  • Gérard Depardieu - Cyrano de Bergerac as Cyrano de Bergerac
  • Richard Harris - The Field as 'Bull' McCabe

• 1991 Anthony Hopkins - The Silence of the Lambs as Hannibal Lecter
  • Warren Beatty - Bugsy as Bugsy Siegel
  • Robert De Niro - Cape Fear as Max Cady
  • Nick Nolte - The Prince of Tides as Tom Wingo
  • Robin Williams - The Fisher King as Parry

• 1992 Al Pacino - Scent of a Woman as Lieutenant Colonel Frank Slade
  • Robert Downey, Jr. - Chaplin as Charlie Chaplin
  • Clint Eastwood - Unforgiven as William 'Bill' Munny
  • Stephen Rea - The Crying Game as Fergus
  • Denzel Washington - Malcolm X as Malcolm X

• 1993 Tom Hanks - Philadelphia as Andrew Beckett
  • Daniel Day-Lewis - In the Name of the Father as Gerry Conlon
  • Laurence Fishburne - What's Love Got to Do with It as Ike Turner
  • Anthony Hopkins - The Remains of the Day as James Stevens
  • Liam Neeson - Schindler's List as Oskar Schindler

• 1994 Tom Hanks - Forrest Gump as Forrest Gump
  • Morgan Freeman - The Shawshank Redemption as Ellis Boyd 'Red' Redding
  • Nigel Hawthorne - The Madness of King George as King George III of the United Kingdom
  • Paul Newman - Nobody's Fool as Sully Sullivan
  • John Travolta - Pulp Fiction as Vincent Vega

• 1995 Nicolas Cage - Leaving Las Vegas as Ben Sanderson
  • Richard Dreyfuss - Mr. Holland's Opus as Glenn Holland
  • Anthony Hopkins - Nixon as Richard Nixon
  • Sean Penn - Dead Man Walking as Matthew Poncelet
  • Massimo Troisi - Il Postino as Mario Ruoppolo (posthumous nomination)

• 1996 Geoffrey Rush - Shine as David Helfgott
  • Tom Cruise - Jerry Maguire as Jerry Maguire
  • Ralph Fiennes - The English Patient as Count Laszlo de Almásy
  • Woody Harrelson - The People vs. Larry Flynt as Larry Flynt
  • Billy Bob Thornton - Sling Blade as Karl Childers

• 1997 Jack Nicholson - As Good as It Gets as Melvin Udall
  • Matt Damon - Good Will Hunting as Will Hunting
  • Robert Duvall - The Apostle as Euliss 'Sonny' Dewey - The Apostle E.F.
  • Peter Fonda - Ulee's Gold as Ulee Jackson
  • Dustin Hoffman - Wag the Dog as Stanley Motss

• 1998 Roberto Benigni - Life Is Beautiful as Guido Orefice
  • Tom Hanks - Saving Private Ryan as Captain John Miller
  • Ian McKellen - Gods and Monsters as James Whale
  • Nick Nolte - Affliction as Wade Whitehouse
  • Edward Norton - American History X as Derek Vinyard

• 1999 Kevin Spacey - American Beauty as Lester Burnham
  • Russell Crowe - The Insider as Jeffrey Wigand
  • Richard Farnsworth - The Straight Story as Alvin Straight
  • Sean Penn - Sweet and Lowdown as Emmet Ray
  • Denzel Washington -The Hurricane as Rubin 'Hurricane' Carter

2000s

• 2000 Russell Crowe - Gladiator as Maximus Decimus Meridius
  • Javier Bardem - Before Night Falls as Reinaldo Arenas
  • Tom Hanks - Cast Away as Chuck Noland
  • Ed Harris - Pollock as Jackson Pollock
  • Geoffrey Rush - Quills as The Marquis de Sade

• 2001 Denzel Washington - Training Day as Alonzo Harris
  • Russell Crowe - A Beautiful Mind as John Forbes Nash, Jr.
  • Sean Penn - I Am Sam as Sam Dawson
  • Will Smith - Ali as Muhammad Ali
  • Tom Wilkinson - In the Bedroom as Matt Fowler

• 2002 Adrien Brody - The Pianist as Władysław Szpilman
  • Nicolas Cage - Adaptation. as Charlie Kaufman/Donald Kaufman
  • Michael Caine - The Quiet American as Thomas Fowler
  • Daniel Day-Lewis - Gangs of New York as William "Bill the Butcher" Cutting
  • Jack Nicholson - About Schmidt as Warren R. Schmidt

• 2003 Sean Penn - Mystic River as Jimmy Markum
  • Johnny Depp - Pirates of the Caribbean: The Curse of the Black Pearl as Jack Sparrow
  • Ben Kingsley - House of Sand and Fog as Behrani
  • Jude Law - Cold Mountain as Inman
  • Bill Murray - Lost in Translation as Bob Harris

• 2004 Jamie Foxx - Ray as Ray Charles
  • Don Cheadle - Hotel Rwanda as Paul Rusesabagina
  • Johnny Depp - Finding Neverland as Sir James Matthew Barrie
  • Leonardo DiCaprio - The Aviator as Howard Hughes
  • Clint Eastwood - Million Dollar Baby as Frankie Dunn

• 2005 Philip Seymour Hoffman - Capote as Truman Capote
  • Terrence Howard - Hustle & Flow as Djay
  • Heath Ledger - Brokeback Mountain as Ennis Del Mar
  • Joaquin Phoenix - Walk the Line as Johnny Cash
  • David Strathairn - Good Night, and Good Luck as Edward R. Murrow

• 2006 Forest Whitaker - The Last King of Scotland as Idi Amin
  • Leonardo DiCaprio - Blood Diamond as Danny Archer
  • Ryan Gosling - Half Nelson as Dan Dunne
  • Peter O'Toole - Venus as Maurice
  • Will Smith - The Pursuit of Happyness as Chris Gardner

• 2007 Daniel Day-Lewis - There Will Be Blood as Daniel Plainview
  • George Clooney - Michael Clayton as Michael Clayton
  • Johnny Depp - Sweeney Todd: The Demon Barber of Fleet Street as Sweeney Todd
  • Tommy Lee Jones - In the Valley of Elah as Hank Deerfield
  • Viggo Mortensen - Eastern Promises as Nikolai Luzhin

• 2008 Sean Penn - Milk as Harvey Milk
  • Richard Jenkins - The Visitor as Walter Vale
  • Frank Langella - Frost/Nixon as Richard Nixon
  • Brad Pitt - The Curious Case of Benjamin Button as Benjamin Button
  • Mickey Rourke - The Wrestler as Randy "The Ram" Robinson

• 2009 TBA
  • Jeff Bridges - Crazy Heart as Bad Blake
  • George Clooney - Up in the Air as Ryan Bingham
  • Colin Firth - A Single Man as George Falconer
  • Morgan Freeman - Invictus as Nelson Mandela
  • Jeremy Renner - The Hurt Locker as Sgt. William James

International presence

As the Academy Awards are based in the United States and are centered on the Hollywood film industry, the majority of Academy Award nominees have been Americans. Nonetheless, there is significant international presence at the awards, as evidenced by the following list of nominees for the Academy Award for Best Actor.

• Australia: Peter Finch, Geoffrey Rush, Heath Ledger, Russell Crowe
• Austria: Maximilian Schell, Oskar Werner, Paul Muni
• The Bahamas: Sidney Poitier
• Canada: Ryan Gosling, Alexander Knox, Raymond Massey, Walter Pidgeon
• France: Charles Boyer, Maurice Chevalier, Gérard Depardieu
• Germany: Emil Jannings
• Ireland: Peter O'Toole, Liam Neeson, Stephen Rea, Richard Harris, Barry Fitzgerald, Daniel Day-Lewis (Day-Lewis holds dual citizenship of the United Kingdom and Ireland, and currently resides in County Wicklow, Ireland.)
• Israel: Chaim Topol
• Italy: Roberto Benigni, Marcello Mastroianni, Massimo Troisi, Giancarlo Giannini
• Mexico: Anthony Quinn
• New Zealand: Russell Crowe
• Puerto Rico: José Ferrer
• Russia: Yul Brynner
• Spain: Javier Bardem
• United Kingdom: George Arliss, Kenneth Branagh, Michael Caine, Ronald Colman, Daniel Day-Lewis, Robert Donat, Ralph Fiennes, Colin Firth, Alec Guinness, Rex Harrison, Nigel Hawthorne, Anthony Hopkins, Jeremy Irons, Ben Kingsley, Charles Laughton, Jude Law, Ian McKellen, Victor McLaglen, Ray Milland, David Niven, Laurence Olivier, Paul Scofield, Richard Todd, Tom Wilkinson

At the 37th Academy Awards (1965), for the first time in history, all four of the top acting honors were awarded to non-Americans: Rex Harrison, Julie Andrews, Peter Ustinov, and Lila Kedrova. This occurred for the second time at the 80th Academy Awards (2008), when all four acting categories were similarly represented: Daniel Day-Lewis, Marion Cotillard, Javier Bardem, and Tilda Swinton.

See also

• List of Best Actor winners by age at win
• List of actors nominated for Academy Awards for foreign language performances
• List of actors nominated for two Academy Awards in the same year
• List of actors with two or more Academy Awards in acting categories

External links

• Oscars.org (official Academy site)
• Oscar.com (official ceremony promotional site)
• The Academy Awards Database (official site)
• Complete Downloadable List of Academy Award Nominees
• Photos of the Nominees for Best Actor from (People.com)

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Kategorier:

• Academy Awards
• Best Actor Academy Award winners
• Film awards for lead actor
• Films featuring a Best Actor Academy Award winning performance

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