Kulstofneutralt brændstof
Udseende
(Omdirigeret fra CO2-neutralt brændstof)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/NREL_FT_diesel_vs_conventional_diesel_photo.jpg/220px-NREL_FT_diesel_vs_conventional_diesel_photo.jpg)
Kulstofneutrale brændstoffer kan henføre til mange forskellige energibrændstoffer eller energisystemer, som netto ikke beriger atmosfæren med CO2. En klasse er syntetisk brændstof (inklusiv methan, benzin, dieselolie, jetbrændstof eller ammoniak[1]) produceret via vedvarende energi ved at anvende hydrogenering af carbondioxid hentet fra luften.[2][3][4][5] Sådanne brændstoffer er potentielt kulstofneutrale fordi de netto ikke bidrager til atmosfærens CO2.[6][7]
Fremstilling af kulstof-neutralt brændstof er et eksempel på CO2-neutral energilagring.
Se også[redigér | rediger kildetekst]
Kilder/referencer[redigér | rediger kildetekst]
- ^ Leighty and Holbrook (2012) "Running the World on Renewables: Alternatives for Transmission and Low-cost Firming Storage of Stranded Renewable as Hydrogen and Ammonia Fuels via Underground Pipelines" Proceedings of the ASME 2012 International Mechanical Engineering Congress & Exposition November 9–15, 2012, Houston, Texas
- ^ Zeman, Frank S.; Keith, David W. (2008). "Carbon neutral hydrocarbons" (PDF). Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A. 366: 3901-18. doi:10.1098/rsta.2008.0143. Arkiveret fra originalen (PDF) 25. maj 2013. Hentet 7. september 2012. (Review.)
- ^ Wang, Wei; Wang, Shengping; Ma, Xinbin; Gong, Jinlong (2011). "Recent advances in catalytic hydrogenation of carbon dioxide". Chemical Society Reviews. 40 (7): 3703-27. doi:10.1039/C1CS15008A. Hentet 6. juli 2013. (Review.)
- ^ MacDowell, Niall; et al. (2010). "An overview of CO2 capture technologies". Energy and Environmental Science. 3 (11): 1645-69. doi:10.1039/C004106H. Hentet 7. september 2012. (Review.)
- ^ Eisaman, Matthew D.; et al. (2012). "CO2 extraction from seawater using bipolar membrane electrodialysis" (PDF). Energy and Environmental Science. 5 (6): 7346-52. doi:10.1039/C2EE03393C. Hentet 6. juli 2013.
- ^ Graves, Christopher; Ebbesen, Sune D.; Mogensen, Mogens; Lackner, Klaus S. (2011). "Sustainable hydrocarbon fuels by recycling CO2 and H2O with renewable or nuclear energy". Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. 15 (1): 1-23. doi:10.1016/j.rser.2010.07.014. (Review.)
- ^ Socolow, Robert; et al. (1. juni 2011). Direct Air Capture of CO2 with Chemicals: A Technology Assessment for the APS Panel on Public Affairs (PDF) (peer reviewed literature review). American Physical Society. Hentet 7. september 2012.
Yderligere læsning[redigér | rediger kildetekst]
- McDonald, Thomas M.; Lee, Woo Ram; Mason, Jarad A.; Wiers, Brian M.; Hong, Chang Seop; Long, Jeffrey R. (2012). "Capture of Carbon Dioxide from Air and Flue Gas in the Alkylamine-Appended Metal–Organic Framework mmen-Mg2(dobpdc)". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 134 (16): 7056-65. doi:10.1021/ja300034j. — has 10 citing articles as of September 2012, many of which discuss efficiency and cost of air and flue recovery.
- Kulkarni, Ambarish R.; Sholl, David S. (2012). "Analysis of Equilibrium-Based TSA Processes for Direct Capture of CO2 from Air". Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research. 51 (25): 8631-45. doi:10.1021/ie300691c. — claims USD $100/ton CO2 extraction from air, not counting capital expenses.
Eksterne henvisninger[redigér | rediger kildetekst]
- Doty Windfuels (Columbia, South Carolina)
- Air Fuel Synthesis, Ltd. (Stockton-on-Tees, UK)
- CoolPlanet Energy Systems (Camarillo, California)
- Cost Model for US Navy Zero Carbon Nuclear Synfuel Process Arkiveret 13. maj 2013 hos Wayback Machine spreadsheet by John Morgan (January 2013; source)
- Interview with Kathy Lewis of the US Naval Research Laboratory